THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING SMALL GROUP DISCUSSION ON STUDENTS' SPEAKING SKILL

In learning English, students should acquire the four skills that are reading, writing,listening and speaking. These four skills are abilities that are mandatory for everyone who wants to learn English. Specifically speaking.Speaking is quite important to be owned to students.It is also statedin the English syllabus of Curriculum 2013 (K-13) require students to be able to express and response some kinds of expression orallyin English.In reality, many students are still poor in speaking English.Researcher use quantitative data. Based on the way data is collected, quantitative data can be divided into two, namely discrete data and continuum data. From the characteristics of the data, quantitative data can be in the form of various types of data, namely nominal data, ordinal data, interval data and ratio data. That way, in this study, researchers used quantitative data, this is because the characteristics are in accordance with the research conducted this time.In quantitative data the resulting data will be in the form of numerical data which will later be processed in accordance with procedures that have been submitted using quantitative data calculations. The process of collecting data in this study will be carried out by pre-test and post-test methods.And from the results of the analysis, researchers found and concluded that there was no significant impact between teaching with small group discussion strategies and without small group discussion strategies.


Introduction
Speaking is the product of a series of processes of acceptance, processing and results which are interrelated to one another to create an information which will be conveyed later (Brown, 2000). The shapes and models are very diverse, this is due to internal and external aspects that become important points related to the results of information obtained. Internal aspects are aspects that affect information subjectively such as one's mental state, one's reasoning, to personal experiences and feelings. While the external aspects are aspects that influence significantly through the fact that real events that occur and are objective, can be demonstrated clearly.Speaking there is a tool that can be used to express opinions to the public. Speaking is a form of speech delivered with the aim that it can be received and responded back by the listener. Benter Oseno Gudu (2015) states, speaking is defined as an activity to create a series of words and sentences to be communicated verbally. At the same time, Speaking is part of a good thought process because it is the result of processing information from existing sources. So it can be concluded that the relationship between speaking and thinking has something to do with being able to communicate well and correctly. Wiyudo (2016) tell that speaking is one of the keys to good and right communication. By considering what is to be discussed in a communication, the percentage of communication expressed as good is very high. This is related to the many impacts that can be felt by communicating well, such as making others understand and understand what is conveyed so that they can understand and process information to be able to provide a good response in communication, this is clearly very effective to be able to improve the quality of oral communication such as talk by considering related aspects in communication. Speaking of course is not only the point of "being able to speak" that can be used as the core of a communication, but aspects such as when and where and the pattern of information delivery and processing information is very important to improve communication skills, especially speaking.Speaking is important enough for students to have. They will be able to convey their intentions and have confidence to express them.
At school, there are English lesson. People have learned it since in elementary school, and some have even learned from kindergarten. To practice speaking in English, teachers often use small group discussions to talk to each other. Small group discussion is a learning process by holding small group discussions whose goal is that students have the ability to be able to solve problems that arise facing students' daily lives. Especially in communicating in English. Small group discussion also means the process of seeing two or more individuals intecating globally and face to face with a particular goal or target through the exchange of information, maintaining opinions or solving problems.
According to Argawati (2014). Language is a set of information rules that have a specific meaning and purpose so that each word has a specific purpose. Even in the use of language, there is often the effect of emotional touch given to be able to give an inner / emotional emphasis by the speaker to be more noticed when speaking. Of course this is an aspect that needs to be understood given the importance of effective communication in speaking.Just as before, language is defined as a set of rules of structured words such as punctuation, pronunciation, intonation and others that have been through the process of processing information so that it has certain aims and objectives. Fibrina (2012) said that language has 2 definitions. First, language as a symmetrical symbol which is a generative system. Second, language is a set of symbols expressed by the speaker.
If it is reviewed based on its function, the researcher classifies language into 5 main functions as the researcher can describe it as follows: 1. The information function is the most important thing to convey. the focus on this function is messages that have verbal and written characteristics. It aims to convey the latest information that has truth that is considered valuable. 2. Expressive function; Language is used as a means to express the feelings and emotions of the originator -the most common example of this is when someone takes an oath. 3. Briefing function; this function is intended to be able to influence or control the actions and behaviour and attitudes of others following the utterance delivered. Examples are command and request sentences 4. Aesthetic function; is a function of the use of language with the aim of providing aspects of beauty in grammar arrangements that are made to have an effect on the delivery of emotion words 5. Phatic function; aims to maintain the smooth relationship or continue existing communication in order to maintain the existence of social relations between fellow human beings.

Research Method
This research uses quantitative data methods. Based on the method, the researcher collected data, quantitative data can be divided into two, namely discrete data and continuum data. From the characteristics of the data, quantitative data can be in the form of various types of data, namely nominal data, ordinal data, interval data and ratio data. That way, in this study, researchers used quantitative data, this is because the characteristics are in accordance with the current research.
In quantitative data, the data generated will be in the form of numerical data which will later be processed in accordance with procedures that have been proposed using quantitative data calculations. The process of collecting data in this study will be carried out by pre-test and posttest methods. Burns (1999: 156-160) in his statement, data analysis is a series of processes of data collection, data coding, data comparison, data interpretation, and reporting the final results of data processing. At the same time, data were analyzed by comparing scores from before and after the action or the results of the pre-test and post-test carried out. The instruments are described as follows: a. Pre-Test (Speaking Test) The implementation of Pretest aims to measure their relative ability to speak before the research takes place. The implementation is carried out using the interview method in which the researcher carries out the process of collecting data directly to the subject by two-way dialogue to obtain actual results. (RatihIrmawatiFadli, 2015).

b. Post-Test (Speaking Test)
After conducting the Pre-Test, Post-Test is carried out to continue the process of collecting data after students are given the material that has been submitted at the end of the Pre-Test activities. Furthermore, the results of the post-test will be used as a comparison with the pre-test data and draw conclusions on the results of the study. This result is the result of data obtained from the increase in students' ability to speak. The procedure performed on this post-test is the same as the pre-test. And for post-test researcher use speaking of self-introduction text and dialogue in a group of eight students and nine students.
The following is the initial one-group pre-test posttest design test model according to Syamsuddin and Damayanti (2011: 157).

O1
= Pre-test score(before treatment) X = Treatment O2 = Post-test score (after treatment) This study will use a quantitative approach by utilizing pre-test and posttest instruments by giving multiple choice quizzes to students VII A and VII B in Medan Medan Private High School. As a sample research requirement, we grouped students in VII A into the experimental group and students in VII B as a control group.
The main reason why researchers chose classes A and B into the subject of this study apart from the fact that class VII only has 2 classes at the same level and also because class VII is a class with beginner level at junior high level, so researchers assume to be able to examine students with education level basic (the transition period of education to a higher level) at the junior high school level so that researchers can realize the weaknesses and shortcomings in the research conducted.

O1 X O2
Available online at: http://ejurnal.budiutomomalang.ac.id/index.php/journey The Implementation Method used in this study is a method that has been designed in such a way by the research team so that its application can be carried out as effectively and efficiently as possible in order to achieve maximum research results.
The following are the steps that have been arranged, as follows: 1. The researcher enters the school area (the class to be carried out research) that has previously obtained permission from the local authority. 2. Researchers give greetings to students who will be the subject of research researchers. 3. Researchers build a close relationship with the subjects so that research can take place well and smoothly because students and researchers have felt comfortable with each other. 4. Researchers begin to explain the purpose of the arrival of researchers to students. The hope is to give students understanding and understanding to be more focused and able to work closely with researchers so that research can be carried out successfully. 5. The researcher starts the research process while providing the designed tests, the researcher observes the surrounding environment which may have an impact on the ongoing research. 6. The data collected is then managed and analyzed in order to get the results of the study. 7. The researcher provides the research conclusions and presents them in the research report.

Data Description
This study was divided / classified into two classes; The first class as an experimental class (VII A) consists of 17 students and the second class as a control class (VII B) consists of 16 students in seventh grade at SMA Masehi Medan. The experimental class was given treatment small group discussion and control class was not given treatment; the researchers conducted teaching as usual.

a. Data of Experimental Class
The test result of the experimental class:

b. Data of Control Class
The test result of control class:

Data Analysis a. Data Normality Test
Normality test is a prerequisite test for conducting data analysis tests in this study. This process is carried out before the data is processed in the data processing section based on the proposed research model. This test aims to look at the distribution of data distribution on variables used in research. In this study, the normality test used is the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test.

The
Kolmogorov-Smirnov formula is as follows: Description: KD = the number of Kolmogorov-Smirnov sought n1 = number of samples obtained n2 = expected number of samples (Sugiyono, 2013:257) The data is said to be normal, if the significant value is greater than 0.05 (P> 0.05). Conversely, if the significantvalue is less than 0.05 in (P <0.05), then the data is said to be abnormal.
As the table result above, the researchers conclude that the data is normal because the significant value is greater than 0.05 (P> 0.05). As the table result above, the researchers conclude that the data is homogenous because significant value is greater than 0.05 (P> 0.05).

c. Hypothesis Test
The qualitative independent variables in this study have two categories. therefore this study will use the "average difference test" method for paired sample research (paired sample ttest). This test model is used to analyze the research model before and after the research is conducted. The aim is to evaluate certain methods in the same sample at two times = different (Pramana, 2012).
According to Agus (2013), paired sample t-test is a method to assess the effectiveness of the data shown through different average results before and after testing is done. This is based on the results of Ho's acceptance or rejection of the following test.

If t arithmetic> t table and
probability (Asymp.Sig) <0.05, then Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. 2. If t arithmetic <t table and probability (Asymp.Sig)> 0.05, then Ho is accepted and Ha is rejected.

Output of Hypothesis
As the table result below, the researchers gained significance >0,05 which means there is no difference between teaching with treatment and without treatment.
Based on the results above, the researchers conclude that there is no effect between teaching with small group discussion strategy and without small group discussion strategy.

Conclusion and Suggestion Conclusion
As the table 3.3 result, the researchers gained significance>0,05 which means there is no difference between teaching with treatment and without treatment.
Based on the result of the analysis the researchers conclude that there is no effect between teaching with small group discussion strategy and without small group discussion strategy.