Cadmium levels in the urine of cigarette smokers in Bangoan village, Tulungagung district
Keywords:
Cadmium levels, cigarette smokers, urine
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) which accumulates in the body for a long time can damage human organs such as the respiratory tract, reproductive organs, liver, and kidneys. However, many smokers ignore this, so laboratory evidence is needed to advise smokers. This study analyzed the levels of cadmium (Cd) in the urine of smokers in Bangoan Village, Tulungagung District. The research method used is descriptive analytics. The research sample consisted of 15 smokers obtained through random sampling from 15 cafes in Bangoan Village, Tulungagung Regency. The research instrument was a urine examination result sheet. Urine samples were examined with an Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS). The data analysis technique was carried out using quantitative descriptive. The results showed that 8 (53%) smokers had normal cadmium levels, and 7 (47%) other smokers had abnormal cadmium levels with the lowest level being 0.503 µg/L and the highest level being 83.892 µg/L. The community is expected to reduce cigarette consumption and avoid exposure to cigarette smoke in the surrounding environment in order to reduce organ damage.
References
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West, R. (2017). Tobacco Smoking: Health Impact, Prevalence, Correlates and Interventions. Psychology and Health, 32(8), 1018–1036. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2017.1325890
Widowati, H., Sutanto, A., & Sulistiani, W. S. (2019). Potensi Nilai Gizi terhadap Bahaya Logam Berat pada Keong Mas (Pomacea canaliculata) dan Kerang Kijing (Anodonta woodiana). Edubiotik : Jurnal Pendidikan, Biologi dan Terapan, 4(01), 16–21. https://doi.org/10.33503/ebio.v4i01.293
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Ambarwati, N. F., Sinaga, E. M., & Rajagukguk, T. (2020). Analisa Perbandingan Kadar Logam Cadmium pada Perokok Aktif dan Pasif di Desa Ujung Bandar Kecamatan Barus Jahe Kabupaten Karo. Jurnal Kimia Saintek dan Pendidikan, IV(Cd), 5–10. http://e-journal.sari-mutiara.ac.id/index.php/KIMIA/article/view/1765
Bernhoft, R. A. (2013). Cadmium Toxicity and Treatment. The Scientific World Journal, 2013(ID 394652), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/394652
Faslah, F., Wardoyo, A. Y. P., & Widodo, C. S. (2013). Pengaruh Penggunaan Filter dari Serabut Kelapa terhadap Emisi Partikel Utrafine Asap Mainstream Rokok. Brawijaya Physics Student Journal, 1(1). https://www.neliti.com/
Fatima, G., Raza, A. M., Hadi, N., Nigam, N., & Mahdi, A. A. (2019). Cadmium in Human Diseases: It’s More than Just a Mere Metal. Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry, 34(4), 371–378. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-019-00839-8
Genchi, G., Sinicropi, M. S., Lauria, G., Carocci, A., & Catalano, A. (2020). The Effects of Cadmium Toxicity. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(11), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113782
Hidayah, T., Hadi, H., & Azinar, M. (2019). Efforts to Reduce Cigarette Smoke Exposure through Non-Smoking Area Regulation. KEMAS: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 14(3), 404–409. https://doi.org/10.15294/kemas.v14i3.17851
Huwaida, T. A., Rahardjo, M., & Setiani, O. (2016). Faktor-Faktor Risiko yang Berhubungan pada Pekerja di Perusahaan Rokok Wido di Kabupaten Kudus. JKM (Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat), 4(3), 911–920. https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/jkm/article/view/13697
Lathifah, Q. A., Hermawati, A. H., & Putri, A. Y. (2020). Review: Gambaran Nikotin pada Perokok Pasif di Kabupaten Tulungagung. Borneo Journal of Medical Laboratory Technology, 3(1), 178–183. https://doi.org/DOI:10.33084/bjmlt.v3i1.1594
Lianzi, I., & Pitaloka, E. (2014). Hubungan Pengetahuan Tentang Rokok dan Perilaku Merokok pada Staf Administrasi Universitas Esa Unggul. Indonesian of Health Information Management Journal (INOHIM), 2(1), 67–81. https://inohim.esaunggul.ac.id/index.php/INO/article/view/105
Mayaserli, D. P., & Rahayu, J. S. (2018). Perbandingan Kadar Logam Kadmium (Cd) dalam Urin Perokok Aktif dan Pasif di Terminal Kota Padang. Jurnal Kesehatan Perintis (Perintis’s Health Journal), 5(1), 58–64. https://jurnal.upertis.ac.id/index.php/JKP/article/view/96
Parman, Hapis, A. A., & Husaini, A. (2020). Peningkatan Pengetahuan Siswa tentang Bahaya Rokok Dilihat dari Sudut Kesehatan dan Agama Melalui Penyuluhan Tahun 2019. Jurnal Pengabdian KITA, 3(01), 1–11. https://ojs.umb-bungo.ac.id/index.php/PKITA/article/view/390
Rosita, B., & Andriyati, F. (2019). Perbandingan Kadar Logam Kadmium (Cd) dalam Darah Perokok Aktif dan Pasif Di Terminal Bus. Sainstek : Jurnal Sains Dan Teknologi, 11(2), 70–77. https://doi.org/10.31958/js.v11i2.1576
Rosmiati, K., Lasmini, T., Kurnia Hikmatul Adha, S., Purba, Y., Rahmawati, R., Kesehatan, A., & Kesehatan John Paul, A. (2022). Perbandingan Kadar Logam Kadmium (Cd) pada Urine Perokok Aktif dan Perokok Pasif di Desa Air Emas. Prosiding Seminar Asosiasi Institusi Pendidikan Tinggi Teknologi Laboratorium Medik Indonesia (AIPTLMI), 1(1), 171–180. https://prosiding.aiptlmi-iasmlt.id/index.php/prosiding/article/view/58
Sari, M. R. (2020). Profil Kadar Kadmium (Cd) dalam Urine pada Perokok Aktif. Junal Laboratorium Medis, 02(01), 37–41. https://doi.org/doi:10.31983/jlm.v2i1.6982
Schulz, M., Gerber, A., & Groneberg, D. A. (2016). Are Filter-Tipped Cigarettes still less Harmful than Non-Filter Cigarettes?—A laser Spectrometric Particulate Matter Analysis from the Non-Smokers Point of View. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 13(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph13040429
Sudaryanto, W. T. (2016). Hubungan antara Derajat Merokok Aktif, Ringan, Sedang dan Berat dengan Kadar Saturasi Oksigen dalam Darah (SpO2 ). Interest: Jurnal Terpadu Ilmu Kesehatan, 6(1), 51–61. http://jurnal.poltekkes-solo.ac.id/index.php/Int/article/view/281
Surahman, Rachmat, M., & Supardi, S. (2016). Metodologi Penelitian. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. https://ebook.uimedan.ac.id/home/penulis/dTVhLytoVFQ4ZlR6L0FSYlVIREJ4dz09
Tamala, D., & Hanum, G. R. (2022). Analysis of Lead (Pb) Heavy Metal Content in Smoking Farmers. Medicra (Journal of Medical Laboratory Science/Technology), 5(2), 115–118. https://doi.org/10.21070/medicra.v5i2.1663
Tucker, P. G.(2023). How Are People Exposed to Cadmium?. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). 1–63. https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/csem/cadmium/How-Are-People-Exposed-to-Cadmium.html
West, R. (2017). Tobacco Smoking: Health Impact, Prevalence, Correlates and Interventions. Psychology and Health, 32(8), 1018–1036. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2017.1325890
Widowati, H., Sutanto, A., & Sulistiani, W. S. (2019). Potensi Nilai Gizi terhadap Bahaya Logam Berat pada Keong Mas (Pomacea canaliculata) dan Kerang Kijing (Anodonta woodiana). Edubiotik : Jurnal Pendidikan, Biologi dan Terapan, 4(01), 16–21. https://doi.org/10.33503/ebio.v4i01.293
Winata, S. D. (2016). Monitoring, Pencegahan, dan Penanganan Keracunan pada Pekerja Terpapar Cadmium. Jurnal Kedokteran (MEDITEK), 13(2), 45–50. http://ejournal.ukrida.ac.id/ojs/index.php/Meditek/article/view/1277
Published
2023-08-01
How to Cite
Lathifah, Q. A., Hermawati, A. H., & Kurniawati, D. F. R. (2023). Cadmium levels in the urine of cigarette smokers in Bangoan village, Tulungagung district. Edubiotik : Jurnal Pendidikan, Biologi Dan Terapan, 8(01), 44-49. https://doi.org/10.33503/ebio.v8i01.2220
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